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The U.S. Department of Commerce issued an announcement attempting to ban China's advanced computing chips around the world. On May 21, the Ministry of Commerce of China made a statement.
What is the purpose of the US’s abuse of export control measures? In the face of "suppression" and "blockade", how should we deal with challenges on the road of technological innovation and self-reliance? "News 1+1" connects Tu Xinquan, Dean of the China World Trade Organization Research Institute of the University of International Business and Economics, and Liu Leibo, professor of the School of Integrated Circuits at Tsinghua University, bringing analysis and interpretation.
What is the abacus that the United States is trying to ban China's advanced computing chips worldwide?
In 2017, the United States began to launch a trade war with China, and in 2018 it began to encircle China in the fields of semiconductors and chips, and cut off the supply of Huawei 5G chips in 2019. This time, the United States waved the sanctions stick again. What is the purpose? How should China face it?
Tu Xinquan, director of the China World Trade Organization Research Institute of the University of International Business and Economics : According to the general view of international public opinion, the tariff war has exposed the weaknesses of the United States. The United States considers it to be the largest importer, so it has mastered a lot of bargaining chips and can obtain them from other countries through tariffs. But in fact, judging from the results, the imposition of tariffs has had a great impact on its domestic economy. The United States feels that it is at a disadvantage in the import field and now wants to leverage its technological advantages in the export field. In the past, the United States has also regarded export controls, especially high-tech export controls, as an important card to suppress the development of other countries, including the development of science and technology.
One of the main purpose of the United States this time is to continue to gain leadership in the field of AI. Indeed, the United States started early in the field of artificial intelligence, and some companies, including Nvidia, are indeed becoming a leader in this field. But in the past two years, Chinese companies have caught up very quickly, so it hopes to maintain its advantages by strengthening export controls, suppress the development of Chinese companies, and make the world rely more on US AI technology rather than turning to China's technology.
In addition, in the Sino-US trade negotiations or trade disputes, the United States wants to maximize its advantages in technological exports, and may also make some unreasonable demands to China in other fields, which is also a card in its hand.
The reason for chip control in the United States is completely untenable!
The United States has issued sanctions entirely on Huawei Ascend software this time, and the reason given is that it is "suspected that Huawei has used American technology and software for design and research and development" and "used American equipment." Is this reason tenable? Is there any definite evidence?
Tu Xinquan, director of the China World Trade Organization Research Institute of the University of International Business and Economics : This reason is actually very ridiculous. We all know that the US sanctions on Huawei have already begun, and it has already included Huawei on its entity list in 2019. Since then, the United States has continuously upgraded its export controls on Huawei, so in fact, Huawei has almost never bought any high-tech or high-tech products it wants from the United States. Including some software, hardware, etc. used by Huawei in developing Ascend chips, they are not from the United States. They are all independently developed by Huawei, or relying on other partners. Therefore, in the production and development process of Ascend chips, there is actually no American technology. But the United States' explanation of export controls is now infinitely broad. For example, some Huawei's partners may use some US intellectual property rights in production or other places. In fact, Huawei itself does not use any of these relevant intellectual property rights in the United States.
In fact, from the perspective of human beings, technological development and technological innovation are originally for the use of human beings, and to benefit everyone from technology. But now the United States has completely weaponized technology and regarded technology as a means to suppress China and Chinese companies. This is actually completely contrary to the original intention of human science and technology development. In fact, some technologies have passed the period of intellectual property protection, so they are actually the common knowledge and common wealth of mankind, and everyone can use it.
The United States has now found a very fragile and weak reason for strengthening restrictions on Huawei through this method of exaggerating intellectual property rights or expanding the scope of intellectual property protection. It is actually completely untenable.
The United States attempts to ban China's advanced computing chips globally. What impact will it have if it is implemented? Will American companies benefit?
Once the US sanctions stick falls, how much impact will it have on China? What level will this harm cause to Chinese companies? Will American companies and American industries benefit from it?
Tu Xinquan, Dean of the China World Trade Organization Research Institute of the University of International Business and Economics : The United States does have some advantages in some technical fields, and its export controls will cause certain difficulties for our companies. We see Huawei's revenue decline sharply after it was subject to U.S. export control measures in 2019. However, after several years of development, we have seen that Huawei's revenue in 2024 has exceeded the high point of 2019, achieving a strong rebound. So from the perspective of technological development, in fact, the United States' technological advantages or monopoly advantages are inherently unsustainable and unsustainable. In fact, the United States can be said to be mobilizing the whole country to suppress Huawei in various ways, but with the efforts of Huawei and of course with the support of our government and the people, Huawei has slowly recovered from the trough, and Huawei has already opened up some new advantages in new fields, such as artificial intelligence chips. Therefore, the effect of this technology to control it is actually very limited, or it is very short-sighted.
Judging from the laws of technological development, everyone will continue to innovate and make breakthroughs, especially since China now has a very good technical foundation and our own huge market advantages. Therefore, although the United States has tried all kinds of methods, it still cannot stop Chinese companies from making new progress in the technology field. Of course, for American companies, they actually dislike some excessively strict export control measures, which has led to their loss of the Chinese market.
If organizations and individuals implement U.S. measures, will they also bear responsibility?
Regarding the threat from the United States, the Ministry of Commerce made a very clear statement that if global companies enforce bans in the future, they may face sanctions from Chinese laws. What kind of countermeasures are there next, and how should companies choose?
Tu Xinquan, Director of the China World Trade Organization Research Institute of the University of International Business and Economics : We have formulated the "Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law of the People's Republic of China". If there are organizations or individuals, they will implement discriminatory sanctions against China by other countries, the Chinese government will also take corresponding measures to punish the organization and individuals. This punishment is very reasonable, or very appropriate.
If companies do not implement the US measures, but only decide whether to cooperate with Chinese companies based on business considerations, we will not force them to choose sides in this situation. As long as companies follow market laws and business logic, we will still treat business decisions objectively. At the same time, they are welcome to carry out commercial cooperation with Chinese companies.
What are the United States worried about trying to ban Chinese chips worldwide?
In an attempt to ban Chinese chips globally, we seem to be able to read a kind of American fear from it. It seems to be afraid of China, and it is worried about China. So what exactly are they afraid of, what level does our chips or AI have developed to make them so scared?
Liu Leibo, professor at the School of Integrated Circuits at Tsinghua University : China's artificial intelligence has achieved good results in the development of artificial intelligence and has already initially achieved the strength to compete with the international advanced level. DeepSeek is a very typical example. It is precisely because we have such capabilities and levels that the United States will spare no effort to suppress our artificial intelligence, from basic scientific research to key technologies to industrial development, and from algorithms to computing power to continuously and comprehensively suppress. The development of artificial intelligence, integrated circuits and high-tech in my country will make full use of the various advantages of the new national system to develop better; I believe that in the future, this advantage will continue to play a more important role.
It has not been "blocked", but the more regulated, the more it develops. What has China done right?
The more the control is, the more development it develops. What has China done right?
Liu Leibo, professor at the School of Integrated Circuits at Tsinghua University : China's high-tech industry has always developed under suppression in the past. There was the "Batuan" first, that is, the Paris Coordination Committee, and the "Wasenner Agreement" later. In 2022, there was the "Chip and Science Act" reached by the two parties in the United States. Under such a background, the development of high-tech in our country is determined by the Chinese people's unyielding mentality and the qualities of hard work, hard work and courage. We have made many achievements in the high-tech industry, such as aerospace, shipbuilding, smartphones, etc. Every breakthrough here is achieved in a fierce competition environment. It is absolutely impossible to limit China's development through suppression. Of course, in the process of development, we have also learned from many successful experiences from abroad through reform and opening up. As for what we did right, I think that is China's system, which determines that the government and industry cooperate closely, and the government has never spared no effort to support industry.
In what aspects should we continue to make efforts in scientific and technological self-reliance?
Next, in the direction of technological self-reliance and self-improvement, what aspects of support do you most look forward to and value?
Liu Leibo, professor at the School of Integrated Circuits at Tsinghua University : First of all, I believe that the Chinese government must continue to maintain an active supportive attitude towards the development of high technology, and focus on supporting the innovation of disruptive technologies. Secondly, we should encourage close cooperation between scientific research and industry in universities and organic integration. Then, enterprises are the main body of innovation, and Chinese enterprises should increase their investment in R&D in high-tech and strive to achieve continuous breakthroughs. Finally, the Chinese government must also create better conditions and market environments, so that domestic chips have opportunities for trial and error, iterate repeatedly, accelerate iteration, improve the technical level of domestic chips, and greatly enhance the resilience and competitiveness of my country's semiconductor industry.
News 1+1丨Faced with "suppression" and "blockdown" How China's ch
The U.S. Department of Commerce issued an announcement attempting to ban China's advanced computing chips around the world. On May 21, the Ministry of Commerce of China made a statement.
What is the purpose of the US’s abuse of export control measures? In the face of "suppression" and "blockade", how should we deal with challenges on the road of technological innovation and self-reliance? "News 1+1" connects Tu Xinquan, Dean of the China World Trade Organization Research Institute of the University of International Business and Economics, and Liu Leibo, professor of the School of Integrated Circuits at Tsinghua University, bringing analysis and interpretation.
What is the abacus that the United States is trying to ban China's advanced computing chips worldwide?
In 2017, the United States began to launch a trade war with China, and in 2018 it began to encircle China in the fields of semiconductors and chips, and cut off the supply of Huawei 5G chips in 2019. This time, the United States waved the sanctions stick again. What is the purpose? How should China face it?
Tu Xinquan, director of the China World Trade Organization Research Institute of the University of International Business and Economics : According to the general view of international public opinion, the tariff war has exposed the weaknesses of the United States. The United States considers it to be the largest importer, so it has mastered a lot of bargaining chips and can obtain them from other countries through tariffs. But in fact, judging from the results, the imposition of tariffs has had a great impact on its domestic economy. The United States feels that it is at a disadvantage in the import field and now wants to leverage its technological advantages in the export field. In the past, the United States has also regarded export controls, especially high-tech export controls, as an important card to suppress the development of other countries, including the development of science and technology.
One of the main purpose of the United States this time is to continue to gain leadership in the field of AI. Indeed, the United States started early in the field of artificial intelligence, and some companies, including Nvidia, are indeed becoming a leader in this field. But in the past two years, Chinese companies have caught up very quickly, so it hopes to maintain its advantages by strengthening export controls, suppress the development of Chinese companies, and make the world rely more on US AI technology rather than turning to China's technology.
In addition, in the Sino-US trade negotiations or trade disputes, the United States wants to maximize its advantages in technological exports, and may also make some unreasonable demands to China in other fields, which is also a card in its hand.
The reason for chip control in the United States is completely untenable!
The United States has issued sanctions entirely on Huawei Ascend software this time, and the reason given is that it is "suspected that Huawei has used American technology and software for design and research and development" and "used American equipment." Is this reason tenable? Is there any definite evidence?
Tu Xinquan, director of the China World Trade Organization Research Institute of the University of International Business and Economics : This reason is actually very ridiculous. We all know that the US sanctions on Huawei have already begun, and it has already included Huawei on its entity list in 2019. Since then, the United States has continuously upgraded its export controls on Huawei, so in fact, Huawei has almost never bought any high-tech or high-tech products it wants from the United States. Including some software, hardware, etc. used by Huawei in developing Ascend chips, they are not from the United States. They are all independently developed by Huawei, or relying on other partners. Therefore, in the production and development process of Ascend chips, there is actually no American technology. But the United States' explanation of export controls is now infinitely broad. For example, some Huawei's partners may use some US intellectual property rights in production or other places. In fact, Huawei itself does not use any of these relevant intellectual property rights in the United States.
In fact, from the perspective of human beings, technological development and technological innovation are originally for the use of human beings, and to benefit everyone from technology. But now the United States has completely weaponized technology and regarded technology as a means to suppress China and Chinese companies. This is actually completely contrary to the original intention of human science and technology development. In fact, some technologies have passed the period of intellectual property protection, so they are actually the common knowledge and common wealth of mankind, and everyone can use it.
The United States has now found a very fragile and weak reason for strengthening restrictions on Huawei through this method of exaggerating intellectual property rights or expanding the scope of intellectual property protection. It is actually completely untenable.
The United States attempts to ban China's advanced computing chips globally. What impact will it have if it is implemented? Will American companies benefit?
Once the US sanctions stick falls, how much impact will it have on China? What level will this harm cause to Chinese companies? Will American companies and American industries benefit from it?
Tu Xinquan, Dean of the China World Trade Organization Research Institute of the University of International Business and Economics : The United States does have some advantages in some technical fields, and its export controls will cause certain difficulties for our companies. We see Huawei's revenue decline sharply after it was subject to U.S. export control measures in 2019. However, after several years of development, we have seen that Huawei's revenue in 2024 has exceeded the high point of 2019, achieving a strong rebound. So from the perspective of technological development, in fact, the United States' technological advantages or monopoly advantages are inherently unsustainable and unsustainable. In fact, the United States can be said to be mobilizing the whole country to suppress Huawei in various ways, but with the efforts of Huawei and of course with the support of our government and the people, Huawei has slowly recovered from the trough, and Huawei has already opened up some new advantages in new fields, such as artificial intelligence chips. Therefore, the effect of this technology to control it is actually very limited, or it is very short-sighted.
Judging from the laws of technological development, everyone will continue to innovate and make breakthroughs, especially since China now has a very good technical foundation and our own huge market advantages. Therefore, although the United States has tried all kinds of methods, it still cannot stop Chinese companies from making new progress in the technology field. Of course, for American companies, they actually dislike some excessively strict export control measures, which has led to their loss of the Chinese market.
If organizations and individuals implement U.S. measures, will they also bear responsibility?
Regarding the threat from the United States, the Ministry of Commerce made a very clear statement that if global companies enforce bans in the future, they may face sanctions from Chinese laws. What kind of countermeasures are there next, and how should companies choose?
Tu Xinquan, Director of the China World Trade Organization Research Institute of the University of International Business and Economics : We have formulated the "Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law of the People's Republic of China". If there are organizations or individuals, they will implement discriminatory sanctions against China by other countries, the Chinese government will also take corresponding measures to punish the organization and individuals. This punishment is very reasonable, or very appropriate.
If companies do not implement the US measures, but only decide whether to cooperate with Chinese companies based on business considerations, we will not force them to choose sides in this situation. As long as companies follow market laws and business logic, we will still treat business decisions objectively. At the same time, they are welcome to carry out commercial cooperation with Chinese companies.
What are the United States worried about trying to ban Chinese chips worldwide?
In an attempt to ban Chinese chips globally, we seem to be able to read a kind of American fear from it. It seems to be afraid of China, and it is worried about China. So what exactly are they afraid of, what level does our chips or AI have developed to make them so scared?
Liu Leibo, professor at the School of Integrated Circuits at Tsinghua University : China's artificial intelligence has achieved good results in the development of artificial intelligence and has already initially achieved the strength to compete with the international advanced level. DeepSeek is a very typical example. It is precisely because we have such capabilities and levels that the United States will spare no effort to suppress our artificial intelligence, from basic scientific research to key technologies to industrial development, and from algorithms to computing power to continuously and comprehensively suppress. The development of artificial intelligence, integrated circuits and high-tech in my country will make full use of the various advantages of the new national system to develop better; I believe that in the future, this advantage will continue to play a more important role.
It has not been "blocked", but the more regulated, the more it develops. What has China done right?
The more the control is, the more development it develops. What has China done right?
Liu Leibo, professor at the School of Integrated Circuits at Tsinghua University : China's high-tech industry has always developed under suppression in the past. There was the "Batuan" first, that is, the Paris Coordination Committee, and the "Wasenner Agreement" later. In 2022, there was the "Chip and Science Act" reached by the two parties in the United States. Under such a background, the development of high-tech in our country is determined by the Chinese people's unyielding mentality and the qualities of hard work, hard work and courage. We have made many achievements in the high-tech industry, such as aerospace, shipbuilding, smartphones, etc. Every breakthrough here is achieved in a fierce competition environment. It is absolutely impossible to limit China's development through suppression. Of course, in the process of development, we have also learned from many successful experiences from abroad through reform and opening up. As for what we did right, I think that is China's system, which determines that the government and industry cooperate closely, and the government has never spared no effort to support industry.
In what aspects should we continue to make efforts in scientific and technological self-reliance?
Next, in the direction of technological self-reliance and self-improvement, what aspects of support do you most look forward to and value?
Liu Leibo, professor at the School of Integrated Circuits at Tsinghua University : First of all, I believe that the Chinese government must continue to maintain an active supportive attitude towards the development of high technology, and focus on supporting the innovation of disruptive technologies. Secondly, we should encourage close cooperation between scientific research and industry in universities and organic integration. Then, enterprises are the main body of innovation, and Chinese enterprises should increase their investment in R&D in high-tech and strive to achieve continuous breakthroughs. Finally, the Chinese government must also create better conditions and market environments, so that domestic chips have opportunities for trial and error, iterate repeatedly, accelerate iteration, improve the technical level of domestic chips, and greatly enhance the resilience and competitiveness of my country's semiconductor industry.